王小峰专栏:中国人的幽默感

周黎明 发表于 2007-01-17 11:27:48

本周的《中国日报》火锅专栏,我选择翻译了王小峰一篇关于中国人是否有幽默感的文章。因为篇幅压缩较大,我把他的原文附在后面。

Chinese sense of humor? You've got to be joking

By Wang Xiaofeng
2007-01-17 

I was once invited to the taping of a TV show and before the cameras started to roll a young man came on stage and asked everyone in the audience to practice applauding. At first, the applause was weak, but repeated efforts turned it into a thunderous ovation. It was as if everybody had just heard an important official's speech.

When I caught the show on air, our loud-applause practise session was added when the MC appeared.

I now understand that this off-screen cheerleader is a new species called the "Applause Leader." The need for his talent is understandable.

The Spring Festival Eve gala, known for being splashy, shallow and phoney, probably gives more emphasis to the applause than to hosting.

This all leads me to question whether our joy is really heartfelt, and whether we Chinese really have a sense of humor.

When Ma Ji, the great stand-up comedian in the late 1970s and early 1980s, died a few weeks ago, I interviewed one of his colleagues. He said when Ma got on stage whatever he said made people laugh.

I studied the recordings of his gags. The audience was always grinning even when Ma was not delivering the best punch lines. Maybe he looked funny but gradually I realized that people of that era were always ready to burst into laughter because they had it inside them. It had little to do with how funny his routines were.

Before the "cultural revolution" (1966-76), I believe Chinese people harbored gratitude. People were happy, especially those in Beijing. After the downfall of the Gang of Four, they regained their enthusiasm because they could again live a normal life. Stand-up comedy (or cross-talk in some parlance) tended to flourish after political turmoil ended. During stretches of peace and prosperity, it was not as effective. This has nothing to do with the quality of the material or the delivery.

I have concluded that we Chinese do not have much of a sense of humor.

If you're endowed with humor, you'll know what joy is; however, a joyous person may not know what humor is.

I've studied the speech patterns of Chinese people of all walks of life. They are invariably dry and devoid of humor.  Former Premier Zhu Rongji has it, but he is one of a kind. Some folk artists have it, but most folk music dwells on misery and folk tales strong on peculiarity.

Everyone watches the televised gala for Zhao Benshan, the famed folk comedian. If he is absent, there would be twice as much mud slinging at the show.

Stephen Chow does not convey humor, but just dramatic exaggeration. He is popular because people do not know real humor.

Hence we have the word gao xiao, which implies the laughs are not from within, but caused by outside stimulation.

The Steamed Bun is the only piece in 2006 that could sustain me. The others were nonsensical but still popular, proving we have nothing better to do.

What we Chinese people do have is wisdom, but this wisdom is not generously reflected in humor. We don't have many old books of jokes, but we have tons of books on duplicity, hypocrisy and in-fighting.

We don't have a strong demand for humor, we just want our karaoke.

(China Daily 01/17/2007 page20)

快乐与幽默
带三个表 @ 2006年12月27日15:14

有一年,我参加电视台录制的一个节目,节目开始之前,突然一个小伙子跑到台上,冲着台下喊:“大家好,我们节目马上开始了,一会节目开始,希望大家能够热烈一些,鼓掌的声音大一点。在开始之前,我们先练一下。好,我喊一二三,开始——”台下观众似乎没有什么心理准备,对这个人提出的要求好像没反应过来,台下响起了稀稀拉拉的掌声。小伙子显然不满意,继续鼓动大家:“如果观众看到你们这样,说明你们都不热情,今天来的都是热情观众,你们要把这份热情体现出来,让他们羡慕你们,好,再来一次,一二三——”“哗——”显然,掌声比刚才大多了,也热情多了。小伙子发现观众情绪调动上来了,趁热打铁:“好,你们表现得非常好,就这样,要表现出热情观众的风貌。你们能不能声音再大一点?”他冲着台下喊,台下观众回应:“能。”“好,我们再来一遍,记住,掌声要热烈,再来一遍,一二三——”台下的傻逼们掀起了雷鸣般的掌声,像某些人听完某个领导讲话一般。

画面是可以剪切的,我特别好奇,后来电视播放这台节目,我还看了一遍,原来把这段掌声放在主持人出场前,雷鸣般的掌声过后,主持人神采奕奕出场了。据说,这个小伙子的角色非常重要,已成了一门专业,称之为“领掌”,要不人类怎么是“领掌类”动物呢,就是这么来的。这倒可以理解,比如每年春晚,其实就是一个假大空集萃,尤其是掌声,我估计现场领掌的那个人比主持人的角色还重要。

于是我开始怀疑,咱们中国人是不是真的快乐,是不是真的有会心的一笑,甚至,是不是真的懂得幽默。

前几天,我采访一个相声演员,谈马季。他说:“马季最火的时候,在台上说什么台下都乐,比如马季说:好久没跟观众朋友们见面了,台下就是雷鸣般的掌声。”我印象中是这样,手头有一套《马季相声全集》,听了一些60年代和80年代的录音,发现,马季不抖包袱的时候大家也笑。我就琢磨,为什么观众爱笑?可能是马季长得比较富有喜剧色彩,所以人站在那里,还没张嘴就带出三分笑了。后来发现,还不仅仅是这个原因。我发现,那个时候的观众的心理,从心里往外就想笑,因为内心的快乐比较多,实际上跟相声是否幽默没什么关系,当然,你抖了个包袱,他会更乐。或者,那种场合、那种氛围,感染着你不想乐都不行。您什么时候看到一对相声演员出场之前有个领掌的人向观众交代:“一会马季先生抖包袱的时候,大家使劲鼓掌发笑。”那不是找抽么。

文革之前,全国人民都有一种感恩的心理,从旧社会过来,过上幸福生活,别的地方怎么样不说,作为首都北京,显然是幸福的,听相声反应那么热烈,很正常,那是发自肺腑的。那时候你到大别山或沂蒙山说说我看看,裤子都穿不上呢,哪有心思乐。

粉碎四人帮之后,听相声还有这种感觉,大家还有热情,还是听什么都笑,因为一场浩劫终于结束了,中国人终于可以过上正常的生活了,还是有种大难不死的感恩心里,我正好从70年代末期开始听相声,就是想乐,没别的原因。

所以,你不能否认的是,相声总是在政治动荡之后才会繁荣,国泰民安、歌舞升平的时候,它就一点也不可乐。这不是说相声本身的魅力有问题,而是,我发现中国人的的确确是没有幽默感的。很多幽默其实是种伪幽默,很多笑声使人们发自肺腑的笑声,60年代,你抖一个包袱,台下有100个人鼓掌发笑,今天,你抖一个相同的包袱,台下可能只有20个人鼓掌发笑。很多人认为,是那个包袱不可笑。这是一个方面,另一方面是现在已经有80个人感到不快乐了。中华民族不是个乐观向上的民族,当感恩心里没有了,从掌声中就能听出来他们是不是快乐。从对幽默的理解程度上,其实就能看出来一个民族的性格。简言之:有幽默感的人,知道快乐是什么,快乐的人,不一定知道幽默是什么。

我关注过一段时间中国各行各业重要人士平时说过的话,总结出来就是他们说话没有幽默感,不信你去查一查,上至国家最高领导人,下至平民百姓,说话都干巴呲啦的。以前朱鎔基说话还有点幽默感,他挺空前绝后的。

从民间文化角度来看,有幽默感的民间艺术也不多,京津、东北、陕西、四川等地的民间曲艺中能看到幽默感的存在,我没有专门研究过民间曲艺,但是了解过一些民间音乐,听着都挺苦难的。但曲艺不一样,它的表演是为了让人开心,所以必须增加喜剧效果,但你可能发现了,除了传说中的民间故事题材,更多表现的是奇、绝、怪,而不是幽默。

原来五百多种民间曲艺,现在死得差不多了,现在流行的都是娱乐,有几个是真正能把幽默表现得淋漓尽致呢?当全国人民看春晚就是为了看赵本山,这本身就足以说明幽默艺术在中国的丧失,如果赵本山不上春晚,这台晚会得到的骂声会翻两番。

六七年前,流行周星驰,周星驰的电影体现的不是幽默,而是戏剧夸张,他就是当时的胡戈,用恶搞、解构的方式达到喜剧效果。周星驰能被人接受,恰恰迎合了不懂幽默的人,所以流行了一个词:搞笑。笑,不是因为幽默效果让你自然产生发自内心笑出来的,而是因为它过度夸张对你造成了无法回避的刺激,你只能用笑来消解这种刺激,就是说:你的笑是被搞出来的,并不是发自内心的。如果那周星驰的搞笑和几十年前人们听相声似的状态相比,是被动与主动的变化,不管主动还是被动,人们都不懂幽默。

歌舞升平时期,中国人对幽默的需求并不强烈,有卡拉OK就够了。但就是在歌舞声平时期,互联网发达了,人们上网都干什么呢?除了看毛片,大概就是找乐子。你不提供乐子,人家怎么找?然后就有人开始为互联网提供乐子。多数乐子停留在低级搞笑的层次上,你真幽默了,他未必能看懂。

比如现在流行恶搞,2006年,除了《一只满头引发的血案》之外,我就再没看到第二个能让人看下去的恶搞。恶搞不是直接糟践别人的作品,那是需要智慧的。很多人把恶搞当成了时髦,不管什么东西都要拿来恶搞一下,结果恶搞越来越无聊,这反过来正好说明,中国人不懂幽默,把一个需要用智商创作的恶搞降到了阿甘的水平。但你也发现,这些无聊的恶搞很受欢迎,因为它能满足人无聊的需求,而不是满足人们对幽默的需求。

中国人是有智慧的,但是在幽默方面智慧的体现是很吝啬的。相反,在争斗、谩骂、挑拨、欺诈、使坏、虚伪……等方面都展现出中国人的高智商——都跟爱因斯坦差不多。这足以说明,我们这个统一的多民族国家,其实并不需要幽默,需要的就是勾心斗角,古代笑话方面的书不多,真正兴起也是在明朝之后,但关于勾心斗角方面的书可汗牛充栋。

两年前,我听到一个词:冷幽默。当时一个人给我演示什么叫冷幽默,讲了几个所谓冷幽默的段子。我听完后明白了,就是不就是说自己讲了一个无法让人发笑的段子,为了避免自己尴尬,给自己找个台阶下,然后叫冷幽默么。实际上,这个人可能想给人讲笑话,但是讲完了人家不笑,觉得自己挺傻逼的,然后叫冷幽默。冷幽默的流行,正好说明我们不懂幽默。

友情提示:本文中提到的不懂幽默的中国人,可能会伤及一些懂幽默的中国人自尊。肯定会有傻逼说:“我就懂幽默,你凭什么说中国人不懂幽默?”这一点我跟韩寒一个毛病,我也不喜欢用“大多数”“少数”“很多”之类的更不准确的限定词加在“不懂幽默的中国人”前面。一竿子打翻一船人,活该,谁让你丫非要跟他们在一条船上呢。

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最新评论


  • ll
    2007-01-17 14:33:20

    到底什么是真正的幽默感呢?...


  • lx
    2007-01-17 18:06:41

    其实评论就该写的自我 嚣张一点
    你跟群众搞启蒙 他当你煞笔
    所以,知识分子骂着他们,政治阶级打着他们,他们就满足了


  • joey chen
    2007-01-18 01:00:34

    It is actually not that Chinese is lack of sense of humor, the matter of the matter is that Applause Leader and such practice is a common practice in most talkshows or galas in countries like United States. Just wanna share my two cents. By the way, we Chinese do have our sense of humor. In addition, most of the times, it also depends on how you look at and judge sense of humor.


  • 袁冰涛
    2007-01-18 02:37:14

    三表哥挺有意思的
    这个火锅不一定好,但基本上好玩


  • Youmogan
    2007-01-18 09:10:53

    Joey says: "Applause Leader and such practice is a common practice in most talkshows or galas in countries like United States." Um, not quite. I've lived in the U.S. 32 years now and have never once seen or heard of any such person. Americans, who tend to be into individualism, would consider a so-called "Applause Leader" an insult to their intelligence. Several of my American friends have observed that mainland Chinese don't quite have a robust a sense of humor, but noted that Taiwanese seem to, or at least more so. The most compelling interpretation I've heard is that it's the legacy of too many years under CCP rule and too many layers of scar tissue from past campaigns like the Cultural Revolution. One observer has aptly called it "Chinese numbness."


  • 凯尔
    2007-01-18 16:20:55

    Maybe it's not that the people have no sense of humor, it's just that TV shows in China suck.  I've lived in China for three years and mave met plenty of funny people, as well as plenty of boring people.  There's 1.3 billion of them so you're guaranteed to meet all kinds.  Just because people don't laugh at your shitty TV shows doesn't mean they don't understand humor, it just means they don't find the show humorous.  I blame censorship and bad TV hosts for this problem.  To be fair America has very few funny TV shows as well,  but do you think South Park and the Daily Show would pass the censors?


  • Philipp Bohn
    2007-01-18 16:42:31

    I agree that this is not a Chinese phenomenon. In German shows there are also signs flashing "applause" at the appropriate punchlines and moments. That's how TV is produced and most shows suck indeed...!


  • Shan
    2007-01-19 01:58:19

    Let's not get too excited over what is obviously a poor translation inside a poor argument.

    While it is true that there is no job titled "Applause Leader" on "Western" TV shows, on most -- I'd go as far as to say all -- shows with a "live studio audience" there is a "warmup guy" and cues for applause, ranging from audience plants to applause lights.

    But it doesn't matter what the "applause leader" is called, or even if certain TV shows have one or not -- Wang Xiaofeng is simply making a bad argument.

    Connecting "canned applause on turgid Spring Festival television" to "national lack of sense of humour" is just foolishness.

    Chinese are no great guns at satire, sure. But although satire is currently very "hot" in the West, it's not the whole of humour.

    Crosstalk is stale, sure, but so is the ancient "Saturday Night Live" style "skit humour" that makes up so much of TV comedy in the West.

    Actually, the more I think about this, the more of a waste of time responding to what is obviously just a bad article seems.

    I'm off.


  • Simon Templer
    2007-01-19 17:17:33

    mmigration staff are at Beijing airport waiting for Li Peng to arrive when they are told that two other vips are due to arrive at the same time. Muhammad Ali and Tiger Woods

    The young new immigration officer is new and asks his senior, "what will I do, I cant tell them apart""

    The senior guy says, "no problem just ask their occupation""

    Along comes a gentleman and the officer asks, "what is your occupation"

    The reply is "I am the worlds best golder"

    "Please pass Mr. Woods

    The next person arrives and is asked the same question.

    Ï am the greatest boxer that ever lived"

    "Please pass Mr. Ali"

    Finally a third person arrives and the officer asks "what do you do for a living  "


  • Yuqun Chen
    2007-07-25 10:31:30 匿名 131.107.*.*

    I was born in China and spent half my life in the west. I've come to the realization that Chinese people lack a sense of humor. What passes as "humor" in the Chinese society tends to be vulgar and cruel. It's a stark reflection of the inhumane culture that has stifled the Chinese land for centuries. I personally find the Chinese to be blunt, naive, thin-skinned and lacking in social tactics.

    Sorry guys. Truth hurts sometimes.

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